Rotavirus

Rotavirus FAQ

What is rotavirus? 

Rotavirus is a virus that causes severe diarrheal disease and other gastrointestinal issues. It is transmitted directly from person to person through the oral-fecal route, or indirectly via contaminated objects.  

Who is at a higher risk of rotavirus? 

Though adults can become infected with rotavirus, severe symptoms are more common in infants and young children. Globally, it is the leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children, according to the World Health Organization. 

What are the symptoms of rotavirus? 

Rotavirus causes watery diarrhea, vomiting, and severe dehydration. The onset of the symptoms can be sudden, about two days after a person is exposed to the virus. 

Where have cases of rotavirus been found? 

Rotavirus can occur worldwide; however, the highest burden of cases occurs in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in South and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Rotavirus disease burden remains highest in countries without routine rotavirus vaccine programs and where access to health care is limited.   

Is there a treatment for rotavirus? 

While there is no specific medication for rotavirus, preventing or treating dehydration is the most important treatment for rotavirus infections. In cases of severe dehydration, intravenous (IV) fluids are administered. 

Is there a vaccine for rotavirus? 

Yes, there are four oral rotavirus vaccines currently prequalified by the World Health Organization. Since 2006, more than 120 countries around the world have introduced rotavirus vaccines into their routine immunization schedules. 

How can people protect themselves from infection? 

The most effective protection against rotavirus infection is vaccination. Good hygiene practices include handwashing with soap and safe food and water handling, also reduces the risk of transmission.